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Steel & Its
Importance |
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Steel is required everywhere directly or
indirectly throughout every process of life.
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According to the census of 2001, the world
has a total population of 6-billion out of which India’s
population is 1.02 billion which is expected to increase a
growth by at least 20% in the next census.
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The total production of finished carbon
steel in the country is 30.11 million tones in 2001-02 as
compared to 14.33 million tones in 1991-92, indicating an
increase of 110.12%. The Indian iron & steel industry has
witnessed unprecedented growth in the last 10-years as because
of continued growth in the steel intensive sectors of
manufacturing & construction in particular.
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The activities of every associated sector
like mine owners, sponge iron & other reduction line,
induction furnace, rolling mills etc. are independent &
profitable. Hence, there is very bright future of integrated
steel plants in India in view of the growing demand of steel
everyday.
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The high share of the secondary sector in
finished steel production is largely due to substantial
supplies of primary steel, the basic feed material from the
main producers for conversion to needed shapes by rolling.
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In India steel making follows crude process in
which heat loss is calculated as very high. The common routes for
this process are sponge iron & blast furnace. Blast furnace is
badly affected due to non-availability of coking coal which has to
be imported. Research is going on for use of non-coking coal in
blast furnaces. No Plants are running in the Country using
non-coking coal & depends on imported coking coal only. For this
reason, this route is not feasible.
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In the process of sponge iron the material has to
cool below 2000C for separation of non-mag, hence, this method is
also not acceptable as it is costlier to make quality steel.
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These days, cheap & widely accepted process
is Midrex & Corex in which material will go directly up to
melting & heat loss will be bare minimum. We make good quality
steel economically by adopting this type of process.
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